Very Hard to Endure

Saturday, January 3, 2026

Our latest CAIRNS Etanhan Wotanin column is related to today’s full moon whose name is Wioteghika Wi, Hardships Moon, which is the tenth full moon and month of a Lakotan year. It mentions the meaning of “oteghika” and explores the interesting fact that the tenth full moon of the Lakotan year—that began in the Gregorian year of 1890—occurred on December 25. It includes first-person accounts of Lakotans who were traveling with Si Tankta, having left Cheyenne River two days earlier for Red Cloud’s home near the Pine Ridge Agency. The column, “Very Hard to Endure”, can be read now by clicking here. The image above is a detail from “Silent No More” by Dwayne Wilcox, an artwork that he created for our Takuwe exhibit about the 1890 Wounded Knee Massacre.